d'ar gêr ! ***** à la maison ! ***** back home !

Noms de lieux

Noms de personnes

England

Bro-Saoz

Bro-Gumbria

Cumberland

* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica

Définition : Angleterre; comté de Cumberland.

Ancien camp romain Fanum Cocidi, selon Rivet & Smith, 

mais Banna, selon Ordnance Survey.

Extrait de la carte Ordnance Survey : Map of Roman Britain.

Bewcastle est soulignée en bleu. Toutefois, Ordnance Survey l'identifie à Banna.

Histoire.

Étymologie :

A) Fanum  Cocidi : (Rivet & Smith) : 

- Ravenna 107₃₀ : FANOCODI; variante FANOCOCIDI.

DERIVATION. Fanum is Latin, 'temple, shrine'. Similar names are known abroad, e.g. Fanum Martis (AI 387₁, Fanum Fortunae (AI 126₁₆) > Fano (Pesaro-Urbino, Italy), Fanum Minervae (AI 364₈), and Fanum Jovis (A.D. 1154) > Fanjeaux (Aude, France). Dedications to Cocidius are known in some numbers from the Irthing valley, west of Housesteads and particularly at Bewcastle. He was wargod of the Celts, equated with Mars, and it has been suggested that his idol was painted red and that the name means 'the red one' ; R&C thought this could be the case, and Ross (1967), 169-70 marshals other 'red' war-gods in support of the possibility, but the British word for 'red' demands *cocc- (Welsh coch), and since -a- does not appear in any of the numerous dedications to the god, the link must be regarded as very dubious. Other Welsh words in cog- cited by Williams do not seem to be relevant either etymologically or semantically. There are many ancient names of various kinds in Coc- and it is probably best to regard the root of many of them as for the present unknown. On the god, see Ross, also M. J. T. Lewis, Temples in Roman Britain (Cambridge, 1966), 123; and for a map of dedications to him, Arch. Ael.4, xiv (1937), 105.

IDENTIFICATION. Probably the Roman fort at Bewcastle, Cumberland, as argued by E. Birley, Research on Hadrian's Wall (Kendal, 1961), 233, following Hodgon.

>>> du latin * fanum = temple; et celtique * cocc- = rouge. Peut-être une désignation d'un temple sous le vocable d'une divinité de la guerre.

*****

B) Bewcastle : (Eilert Ekwall) : 

- Buchecastre, c 1178 WR, 1250 Ipm; Bothecaster, 1272 Ipm; -castell, 1327 Cl. Les éléments sont l'ancien norrois bùd 'booth' = baraque et ancien anglais ceaster 'fort romain'. L'explication possible du nom est : ' l'ancien fort utilisé comme enclos à moutons'.  

Sources : 

* Ordnance Survey : Map of Roman Britain. Third Edition.

* Eilert EKWALL : The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names. Fourth.Edition. Clarendon Press. 1980.

* A.L.F RIVET & Colin SMITH : The Place-Names of Roman Britain. Batsford. 1979.

Envois de :